|
Great Fire of Toronto (1849), April 7, 1849, also known as the Cathedral Fire, was the first major fire in the history of Toronto, Canada. Much of the Market Block, the business core of the city, was wiped out, including the predecessor of the current St. James Cathedral. The 1831 building of the Toronto City Hall and St. Lawrence Market south of King was damaged and was torn down. ==Fire== The fire was discovered at 1 a.m. in the rear of Graham's Tavern on the north side of King Street east of Nelson Street (Jarvis Street) at George, behind Post's Tavern on the east side of Nelson north of King. The fire consumed Post's Tavern then burned through the outbuildings north to Duke Street. The fire spread to the east and the Home District Saving Bank and frame buildings to the east on King were destroyed. At this point, a wind had come up. The fire was blown across across Nelson Street to Rolf's Tavern and consumed all of the buildings south of Duke Street (Adelaide Street) in the block bounded by King Street East, Nelson, Duke and Church streets. At 3 a.m., the spire of the first St. James Cathedral at Church Street caught fire and fire spread to the south side of King Street and the 'old' (1831) Toronto City Hall and market building. It damaged most buildings on the east side of Nelson. At its height, the fire was visible across Lake Ontario in St. Catharines. The fire could have spread further, but Toronto west of Church Street was saved by a rain shower at about 3:30 a.m. This wet down the roofs of buildings to the west, making it harder for flying brands to ignite them. The wind was from the north-east, pushing the fire away from the court house, fire hall and St. Andrew's Church west of Church Street. At 4 a.m., troops arrived to assist the firefighters, and it was this assistance that likely saved the buildings on the south side of King Street from major damage. According to ''The Globe'', the fire was mostly extinguished by 5 a.m.〔 The damages were estimated at to $700,000, including $58,000 to St. James Church alone. The loss to insurance companies was $239,724. One life was lost, Richard Watson, publisher of the ''Canadian'' and ''Upper Canada Gazette'' journals, was in the office of ''The Patriot'' newspaper at Nelson and Front, attempting to save printer types, when the floor collapsed, and he was trapped in the fire.〔 While the buildings on the main streets were brick, the inner buildings along laneways were made of wood and likely fuelled the fire. The early firefighting companies of the time, mostly made up of volunteers, had limited firefighting capability. (Toronto Fire Department was not formed until 1875) Fire hydrants and water tanks or barrels had been added in 1842 by the Metropolitan Water Company, but these were not enough. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Great Fire of Toronto (1849)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|